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Journal of Urban History
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Encountering and Overcoming Small-City Problems

Bremen in the Nineteenth Century

Dieter K. Buse

Laurentian University

During the nineteenth century, Bremen enhanced its economic viability through a series of engineering feats, but struggled with the social problems brought on by urban growth. The most notable technical challenge was maintaining access to the North Sea and Atlantic via the silt-prone Weser River. Through the purchase of land for an outport (Bremerhaven) and a series of dredging operations headed by Ludwig Franzius, Bremen was able to preserve its position as a viable northern European port. But as the city's population grew, it proved less capable in dealing with the social and political challenges associated with urban growth. Its quasi-feudal political structure, which insulated elites from democratic pressures, made it difficult for the city to address housing and other social issues. Demands from the Social Democratic Party and other reformers ultimately undermined the city's elite and contributed to the city's loss of autonomy during the twentieth century.

Key Words: Bremen • Ludwig Franzius • Weser River • Social Democratic Party • housing

This version was published on November 1, 2008

Journal of Urban History, Vol. 35, No. 1, 39-52 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0096144208321875
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